This research work critically analyses the economic relationship between population dynamics and economic growth in nigeria between 1970 and 2011. Large pockets of nigerias population still live in poverty, without adequate access to basic services, and could benefit from more inclusive development policies. The policy has a 2015 end date for most targets, and aims to improve standards of living and quality of life for nigerias people by addressing the complex. Population growth and economic development in nigeria. Population growths and economic development the process of population growth is exogenous in order to process income generation, accumulation, technical progress and institutional change srinivasan, 1987. This is because a lot more resources are taken out to manage and cater for the teeming population that the same can generate. The role of population on economic growth and development. For effective planning for the development of developing countries, it is necessary to have an actual count of the population i. Introduction since 2009, the boko haram insurgency along with military operations conducted by the government of nigeria have had a devastating impact on the northeast region of nigeria and specifically the states of borno.
Understanding the relationship between growth and employment. The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine the pattern of rural and community development in nigeria, especially in those areas which have the greatest impact on the lives of rural dwellers. Moreover, in nigeria context, the national youth development policy 2001 defines youth as people aged between 18 and 35. However, the agriculture sector has the highest poverty incidence and tackling poverty entails tackling agricultural underdevelopment. Nigeria overview international development, poverty. Lagos, nigeria nwosu, ahiauba1 department of urban and regional planning, school of environmental technology federal university of technology, akure, ondo state, nigeria. The environment experiences crisis when its economic growth skyrockets its capacity limit. Nigerian population growth and its implications for. The consequences of rapid population growth on nigerias. Relying on post paper placed special emphasis on the integration.
Nigeria world bank group international development. It helps economic development and it retards economic development. Impact of population growth on nigeria economic growth. A new economic analysis says without robust productivity growth, the number of nigerians living in poverty will continue to rise. Data for all variables are from the 2010 world development indicators. Population growth plays a conflicting role in the development process of a country. Population issues in the 21st century are different from those in the last century.
Economic growth in nigeria has largely been accounted for by resilient agricultural growth associated with performance in four constituent subsectors. The purpose of this study was to examine the economic implica tions of a rapid population growth on nigerias economic development. Forecast error variance decomposition revealed that population growth played significant role in the growth of nigerian. To the greek philosophers, about 2,500 years ago, population growth was undesirable as it adversely affects economic development. In this regard, the federal government has developed a framework in the nigeria economic recovery and.
Nigeria is one of the most densely populated countries in africa, with approximately 200 million people in an area of 920,000 km 2 360,000 sq mi, and is also the country with the largest population in africa and the seventh largest population in the world approximately 50% of nigerians are urban dwellers, with the rate of urbanization being estimated at 4. Get free research paper on impact of population growth on unemployment in nigeria. The index measures the amount of human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by age 18, given the risks of poor health and poor. If productively employed, these extra adults create a window of opportunity for significant economic growth in nigeria. With the development world midway through an uncertain effort to reach the millennium development goals by 2015, population issues will be central to the success or failure of six of the eight goals. With its large population and deplorable development statistics, nigeria drags down the socioeconomic indicators of the entire african continent and, in turn, africa drags down the worlds indicators. Case study northeast nigeria united nations development. Nigeria has maintained remarkable growth over the last decade, recording an average growth rate of 6. Usaidnigeria country development cooperation strategy. Nigeria has the thirdlargest youth population in the world, after india and china, with more than 90 million of its population under the age of eighteen.
Economic development in nigeria, although has been rocked back and forth by various political, sociocultural, financial and infrastructural setbacks, the economic development of a country like nigeria cant be said to have totally been where it used to be, or to have back tracked as some people insinuate. The result revealed that there is a positive relationship between economic growth proxied by gdp growth and population, fertility and export growth. Rapid population growth, economic development and developing countries. The country of nigeria features over five hundred different ethnic groups, many different languages, and declared its independence from the united kingdom on october 1, 1960. We intend to establish that the pattern of development of the rural areas was not meant to improve the lives of the rural dwellers. Another look at the impact of nigerias growing population on the. Pdf population growth and life expectancy in nigeria. Economic development is an essential component of development, yet it is not the only one. But it is possible that the effect of population growth on economic development has been exaggerated, or that no single generalization is justified for countries differing as widely in growth rates, densities, and income levels as do todays less developed areas.
We apply the leastsquares estimation technique in a multivariate linear regression. International journal of science and research ijsr, india. Doc population dynamics and economic growth in nigeria. Examples of studies that have documented a positive effect of population growth on economic development in nigeria are adewole 6, nwosu et al. Population growth rates in nigeria 19812015 source. The northsouth divide has widened in recent years due to the boko haram insurgency and a lack of economic development in the northern part of the country.
World bank development indicator 2017 percentage of population ages 014 to total in nigeria 19812016 source. And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy of nigeria, 2001. Dynamics of demographic structure and economic growth in nigeria. We also test for the nonlinear effect of population growth on economic growth and note that. Population growth and economic development harvard kennedy school ped 365, spring 2011 harvard kennedy school hillel rapoport ped 365, spring 2011 1 33. The study also focuses on the effects of population growth on economic growth in nigeria in a bid to analyze the options available to accelerate economic development, taking into cognizance of the fact that other factors outside the sphere of population are also important in the determination of the face of economic growth. Nigeria s most significant development challenge is overcoming the socio economic inequality within the country. The time frame is selected base on the need to focus on the recent development in the nigeria.
The nigeria s chairman of national population commission, eze duruiheoma, delivering nigeria s statement in new york on sustainable cities, human mobility and international migration in the 51st session of commission on population and development, said that nigeria remains the most populous in africa, the seventh globally with an estimated. Problems of economic development in nigeria and solutions. Pdf population growth and economic growth in nigeria. International journal of science and research ijsr.
Population growth and economic development in nigeria 1981. This study aims to analyze the impact of population growth on the development of the nigerian economy and will aim at suggesting possible policy measures that can be put in place to translate the high population growth rate to an advantage for the country. The nigerian government has been doing its best to help curb a rapid growth in population. Population and the nigerian socio economic development dilemma. The government is committed to empowering girls with access. Pdf studies that seek to explain the relationship between population growth and economic growth in nigeria are at the moment very scanty. This paper examines the economic effects of the demographic transition in developing countries. Demographers estimated the population to be 91,178,000 in 1985. The country features 36 states and its federal capital territory, which is known as abuja. Demographics can be a potent driver of the pace and process of economic development.
What are the effects of economic development in nigeria on. Population growth and economic development in nigeria 19812011. Population growth and economic development in bangladesh. Much of contemporary economics on population problems has centered on what could be the optimum size and its impact on economic growth and development. Turning around nigerian education, health, agriculture and electricity sectors will have a. Effects of population growth on the economic development. A declining proportion of children and a simultaneous increase in the share of the youth and workingage adult population lowers dependency ratios3 and opens a window of opportunity for economic growth as age structures. Population growth and economic development in nigeria 19812011 672379 home economics population growth and economic development in nigeria. This study investigated the causal relationship between these. Developing countries like nigeria and some other countries in the sub.
And they constitutes all young males and females aged 1835 which are citizens of the federal republic of nigeria national youth policy. Nigerian population growth and its implications for economic. Usaidnigeria country development cooperation strategy 20152020. The world bank is helping to fight poverty and improve living standards for the people of nigeria with more than ibrd loans and ida credits since 1958. In 2005, nigeria adopted the national policy on population for sustainable development 2004, the second such strategy in the nations history. Nigerias goal under the national economic empowerment development strategy needs program is to reduce inflation to the single digits. Munich personal repec archive the role of population on economic growth and development. The relationship between population growth and economic development has been the main concern in the recent decade. Adewole 6 investigated the effect of population on economic growth in nigeria using annual time series data for the period 1981 2007. Neiti nigeria extractive industries transparency initiative nshdp national strategic health development plan nbsap national biodiversity strategic action programme nihsa nigeria hydrological services agency needs national economic empowerment and development strategy. Agricultural production and economic growth in nigeria.
Faso, chad, mali, nigeria, the united republic of tanzania and zambia, among others, are also anticipating rapid growth of the population aged 1524 years in a context of. Nigeria, officially known as the federal republic of nigeria, is a country that is located on the western coast of africa. Nigerias 2004 national policy on population for sustainable. In the absence of relevant text and reference books that. The population of nigeria is growing at a rate of 3.
The birth rate in nigeria is about 37 births per 1,000 people. Impact of population growth on economic growth in nigeria 1980. Demographics and development in the 21st century initiative. With over 50% of the population living in poverty, specific challenges need to be met. United nations conference on trade and development economic development in report 2018 migration for structural transformation 9789211129243 as governments across the world work towards a global compact for migration, this report offers important economic and development insights into the dynamics of intraafrican migration. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without world bank authorization. Nigeria the human capital index hci database provides data at the country level for each of the components of the human capital index as well as for the overall index, disaggregated by gender. The major contributors to nigerias population growth are early marriages, high birth rates, and a lack of family planning access. Nigerian population growth and its implications for economic development. Data on gdp and exchange rate were obtained from central bank of nigeria. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Studies that seek to explain the relationship between population growth and economic growth in nigeria are at the moment very scanty. Youth population trends and sustainable development. This research explores the effect of population growth on the economic growth of nigeria over the period of 1981 to 2015.
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